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The second half of the term, "FD" or "File Descriptor," introduces the philosophy of the Unix operating system. In the Unix and Linux worlds, the mantra is profound in its simplicity: "Everything is a file." Text documents are files, directories are files, and—crucially—hardware devices are files. When a programmer writes code to interact with a serial port (like /dev/ttyUSB0 ), they are not opening a "port" in the traditional sense; they are opening a file. The operating system returns an integer—a small, non-negative integer known as a file descriptor. This number acts as a handle, a temporary ID that the kernel uses to track the open connection to that specific piece of hardware.
TSR (Terminate and Stay Resident) in DOS, C program in Linux.
